Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India is a powerful tool for promoting social justice and enhancing government accountability. Introduced in the early 1980s by Justice P.N. Bhagwati and Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer, PIL allows any citizen or organization to file a petition in court on behalf of those who are unable to do so themselves. The concept of PIL has been instrumental in addressing various social and economic issues, including the rights of underprivileged groups and the protection of the environment.